Ahmad, Umar Sheikh Tahir. Maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah in the Age of Artificial Intelligence: Constructing an Islamic Ethical Framework for AI Governance and Regulation. Tasdiruna. 2026;1(1):45-66. Accessed May 25, 2026. https://tashdiruna.elhaqpubcenter.org/tasdiruna/article/view/7